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05/10/2021 1:39 pm
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(a) What is meant by a substitution reaction? Give an example (with equation) of the substitution reaction of, an alkane.
(b) How is soap made? Write a word equation involved in soap making.
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05/10/2021 1:48 pm
(a) The reaction in which one(or more) hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon are replaced by some other atoms (like chlorine), is called a substitution reaction.
Example: Substitution reaction of methane with chlorine:
Methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of sunlight to form chloromethane and hydrogen chloride.
CH4 + Cl2 + Sunlight → CH3Cl + HCl
(b) Soap is made by heating animals fat or vegetable oil with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.
Fat or oil + Sodium hydroxide + Heat → Soap + Glycerol