Three organic compounds A, B and C have the following molecular formulae:
A C4H8O2
B C4H10O
C C4H8O
(a) Which compound contains an alcohol group? Write its name and structural formula.
(b) Which compound contains a carboxyl group? Write its name and structural formula.
(c) Which molecular formula can represent an aldehyde as well as a ketone? Write the names and structural formulae of the aldehyde and ketone represented by this molecular formula.
(a) B; Butanol, C4H9OH
\(H-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-OH\)
(b) A; Butanoic acid, C3H7COOH
\(H-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-OH\)
(C) C4H8O Aldehyde: Butanal, C3H7CHO
\(H-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-H\)
Ketone: Butanone, CH3COCH2CH3
\(H-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-H\)