Conversion of hydro energy into electrical energy

• High rise dams are constructed on the river to obstruct the flow of water to collect it at a suitable height. The stored water has a lot of potential energy.
• The water from a suitable height is allowed to fall on the blades of a turbine located at the bottom of a dam through a pipe.
• Kinetic energy of flowing water rotates the turbine rapidly. Rotation of turbine helps the armature coil of generator to rotate rapidly in the magnetic field. Thus, hydroelectricity is generated.

Limitations of hydro energy:

(i) All river-sites are not suitable for construction of dams.

(ii) Large ecosystems are destroyed when submerged under the water in dam.