Factors responsible for loss of grains, during storage and production are of two types:

1. Biotic factors like rodents, pests, insects, etc.
2. Abiotic factors like temperature, humidity, moisture, etc.

Combination of biotic and abiotic factors causes

• Infestation of insects
• Weight loss
• Poor germination ability
• Degradation in quality
• Discolouration
• Poor market price.