Mendel’s Experiments:  Monohybrid Inheritance (One Visible Contrasting Character): Mendel first took pea plants with different characteristics such as a pure bred tall plant and a dwarf plant and crossed them. He found that only tall pea plants were produced in the F₁ progeny. Then he allowed the F₁, tall plants to reproduce by self-pollination, and found that the F₂ progeny of the F₁ tall plants were not all tall. Both tall and dwarf plants were obtained in the ratio of 3 :1. This ratio is known as the monohybrid ratio.

This indicated that both tallness and shortness traits were inherited in F₁ generation but only tallness trait was expressed which was dominant over the unexpressed trait, i.e. shortness