A copper wire, 3 mm in diameter, is wound about a cylinder whose length is 12 cm, and diameter 10 cm, so as to cover the curved surface of the cylinder. Find the length and mass of the wire, assuming the density of copper to be 8.88 g per cm3.
Diameter of cylinder = 10 cm
Radius of the cylinder (r) = 10/2 cm = 5 cm
∴ Length of wire in completely one round = 2πr = 3.14 × 5 cm = 31.4 cm
It is given that diameter of wire = 3 mm = 3/10 cm
∴ The thickness of cylinder covered in one round = 3/10 m
Hence, the number of turns (rounds) of the wire to cover 12 cm will be
= \(\frac{12}{\frac{3}{10}}\) = \(12 \times \frac{10}{3}\) = 40
Now, the length of wire required to cover the whole surface = length of wire required to complete 40 rounds
40 x 31.4 cm = 1256 cm
Radius of the wire = 0.3/2 = 0.15 cm
Volume of wire = Area of cross-section of wire × Length of wire
= π(0.15)2 × 1257.14
= 88.898 cm3
Mass = Volume × Density
= 88.898×8.88
= 789.41 gm