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Under what conditions permanent electromagnet is obtained if a current-carrying solenoid is used? Support your answer with the help of a labelled circuit diagram.

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Under what conditions permanent electromagnet is obtained if a current-carrying solenoid is used? Support your answer with the help of a labelled circuit diagram.

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Required conditions are:

(i) The magnitude of direct current through the solenoid should be large.

(ii) The number of turns in the solenoid should be large and closely packed, so that a strong uniform magnetic field inside it is produced.

(iii) The rod kept inside is made of a magnetic material such as steel.

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