The Ministry of Human Resources Development is an Indian government ministry, responsible for the development of human resources.

The ministry is divided into two departments:

• The Department of School Education and Literacy – it deals with primary education and literacy
  
• The Department of Higher Education – it deals with secondary and post-secondary education.
  

The department originated as the Indian Education Department in the 1910 under the British Raj. After independence, the Ministry of Education was created in 1947. The Ministry of Education was merged with the newly-created Ministry of Human Resources Development in 1985.

The Ministry aims to achieve universal access and enrollment, universal retention of children up to 14 years of age in schools, and substantial improvement in the quality of education to enable all children to achieve essential levels of learning.