Reproduction is a unique biological process that is essential for the continuity and propagation of species. It is a process by which new individuals of the same species are produced by parental organisms.

It takes place by two methods:

Asexual Reproduction: This method of reproduction generally involves only one parent and is observed only in lower organisms. Fission, budding, spore formation and vegetative propagation are some of the types of asexual propagation.

Sexual Reproduction: This method of reproduction involves two parents. It requires the fusion of gametes of both the sexes of the species. Almost all animals and higher forms of plants reproduce by this method.