The factors that are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India are:

Relief

(a) Land: The nature of land influences the type of vegetation. Land which is flat is devoted to agriculture, undulating land encourages the growth of grass and woodlands where animals live.

(b) Soil: Different types of soils support different types of vegetation. Cactus and thorny bushes grow well in the desert, marshy deltaic soils and conical trees in the hill slopes.

Climate

(a) Temperature affects the types of vegetation and its growth. Trees growth differ depending on where they are located in the mountains.

(b) The variation in the duration of sunlight affects the growth of trees. In summer trees grow faster as the sun shines for a longer time.

(c) Precipitation: Areas of heavy rainfall have denser vegetation than areas of less rain. There is a dense growth of trees in regions where the South West Summer Monsoons cause heavy rain e.g., windward slopes of the Western Ghats.