(a) The Northern Plains of India are alluvial plains of India. They are formed by the sediments brought from the mountains and deposited by the rivers in the depression formed after the uplift of the Himalayas namely the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra and their tributaries.

(b) The plains spreads over an area of 7 lakh sq. km. The length of this plain is 2,400 km long and 240 km broad.

(c) It is densely populated and intensely cultivated area.

(d) With adequate water supply and favourable climate, it is agriculturally a very productive part of India.

(e) The Northern Plains of India are divided into three divisions:

• Punjab Plains covers the western part of the Northern plains. They are formed by Indus river and its tributaries.
• Ganga Plains extends between Ghaggar and the Teesta river, spread over the states of Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.
• The Brahmaputra Plain lies to the east of the Ganga plains. It covers the area of Assam.