The following facts are important to understand the mechanism of the monsoons.

• The difference in the heating and cooling rate of land and water bodies. In summer there is low pressure on the land and high pressure in the sea.
• The shift of the position of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone in summer over the Northern Plains (its normal position is about 5°N of the Equator).
• The presence of the high-pressure area, east of Madagascar, affects the Indian Monsoons.
• The intense heating of the Tibetan plateau in summer causing low pressure.
• The movement of the westerly and easterly jet stream over the Indian peninsular during summer.