Forebrain: It is composed of the cerebrum.

Midbrain: It is composed of the hypothalamus.

Hindbrain: It is composed of the cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata.

Some main structures of the human brain are explained below.

(i) Cerebrum: The cerebrum is the largest part in the human brain. It is divided into two hemispheres; called cerebral hemispheres.

Functions of cerebrum:

(a) The cerebrum controls the voluntary motor actions.

(b) It is the site of sensory perceptions; like tactile and auditory perceptions.

(c) It is the seat of learning and memory.

(ii) Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus lies at the base of the cerebrum. It controls sleep and wake cycle (circadian rhythm) of the body. It also controls the urges for eating and drinking.

(iii) Cerebellum: Cerebellum lies below the cerebrum and at the back of the whole structure. It coordinates the motor functions. When you are riding your bicycle; the perfect coordination between pedaling and steering control is achieved by the cerebellum.

(iv) Medulla: Medulla forms the brain stem; along with the pons. It lies at the base of the brain and continues into the spinal cord. Medulla controls various involuntary functions; like heart beat, respiration, etc.