(a) What type of chemical bond is present in chlorine molecules? Explain your answer. (b) Explain the formation of a chlorine molecule on the basis of electronic theory of valency.
(a) What type of chemical bond is present in chlorine molecules? Explain your answer.
(b) Explain the formation of a chlorine molecule on the basis of electronic theory of valency.
(a) Covalent bond; Because whenever two atoms of the same element combine to form a molecule, a covalent bond is formed.
(b) The atomic number of chlorine is 17, so its electronic configuration is 2,8,7. Chlorine atom has 7 electrons in its outermost shell and needs 1 more electron to complete its octet and become stable.
It gets this electron by sharing with another chlorine atom. So, two chlorine atoms share one electron each to form a chlorine molecule. Because the two chlorine atoms share electrons, there is a strong force of attraction between them which holds them together. This force is called covalent bond.
Now, each chlorine atom in the chlorine molecule has the electronic configuration 2, 8, 8 resembling its nearest inert gas argon. Since the chlorine atoms in a chlorine molecule have inert gas electron arrangements, therefore, a chlorine molecule is more stable than two separate chlorine atoms.
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