Assertion: Natural selection is the outcome of difference in survival and reproduction among individuals that show variation in one or more traits.
Reason: Adaptive forms of a given trait tend to become more common; less adaptive ones become less common or disappear.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Explanation:
The Darwin's theory of Natural Selection can be generalised as the change in species by the survival of an organism exhibiting a natural variation that gives it an adaptive advantage in an environment. Thus, leading to a new environmental equilibrium. The idea of the survival of the fittest explains the above evolution by natural selection. According to survival of the fittest, some of the variations exhibited by living things make it easier for them to survive and reproduce. Thus, more adaptive forms increase. Those which are not fit (or less adaptive) are eliminated.